✏️ Tip: you can also edit the numbers by clicking on them, to create the operations you want.
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How to do column multiplication
In column multiplication you write the first factor on top and the second below. You multiply each digit of the bottom number by the whole top number, starting from the ones and handling the carry. When the second factor has two digits you get several partial products, which are lined up shifting one place to the left and then added.
Tip: column multiplication needs solid times tables. If the child hesitates, alternate these sheets with the times tables ones to lock the facts into memory.
Line them up
Write the longer factor on top and the shorter below, lining up digits on the right.
Multiply by the ones
Multiply the ones digit of the bottom number by the whole top number, with carrying.
Partial products
If the second factor has two digits, do the second product shifting it one place to the left.
Add
Add the partial products in a column to get the final result.
Column multiplication: frequently asked questions
When is column multiplication taught?
In Year 3 of primary school, first multiplying by one digit, then by two digits between Years 3 and 4.
Do you need times tables for column multiplication?
Yes: every step uses a times-table fact. Knowing them by heart makes column multiplication much faster and more reliable.
Are the worksheets free?
Yes, completely. Generate as many as you like, show the answers and print them in A4 or save as PDF, no sign-up.